The ADA Database was searched for the functions of acupointsGV20-Baihui (Hundred Convergences, on GV line, 7' above occipital hairline, on top of head, 5' behind frontal hairline) and GV21-Qianding (Before Vertex, on GV line, 3.5' above frontal hairline, 1.5' ant to GV20).
GV20 had 51, 40 and 157 Rank 1, Rank 2 and Rank 3 functions respectively. In contrast, GV21 had no Rank 1 listings, but had 2 and 29 Rank 2 and Rank 3 listings respectively.
Specifically, GV21 had no listing for haemorrhoids or piles, whereas GV20 has a rank 1 listing for ANUS, TENESMUS, PROLAPSE, PILES [amalgamated data], and a rank 2 listing for ANUS, RECTUM: pain; proctalgia; proctitis; rectal abscess, haemorrhoids; pain; piles; pruritus; bleeding, furuncle; pain; perineal pruritus; proctitis.
The full ADA Listings for GV20 and GV21 follow.
GV20, RANK 1 (HIGH CITATION SCORES)
| EMERGENCY | coma@jaws clenched |
| coma@spastic | |
| coma@icy limbs | |
| coma@abdomen signs, indigestion | |
| shock@electric; electrocution | |
| shock@toxaemic/septic | |
| shock@haemorrhagic | |
| Anaphylaxis; serum sickness; shock@allergic; transfusion reaction | |
| poisoning by belladonna/atropine | |
| coma@fever | |
| FIRST AID | |
| FIRST AID TREATMENT | dazzling spells@nausea; dizzy; extremities cold; fainting; pale; sweat cold; syncope; vertigo; vision blurred |
| dizzy@Meniere's disease; vertigo | |
| PSYCHE/MENTAL DISORDERS | |
| anger alternating with joy; laughing & crying | |
| psychosis, manic | |
| Schizophrenic | |
| Schizophrenic@manic | |
| BRAIN | Encephalitis@virus B |
| Encephalomyelitis | |
| CEREBRUM | apoplexy; cerebrovascular accident (CVA); congestion; embolism; haemorrhage; multiple sclerosis; stroke; subarachnoid haemorrhage; thrombosis |
| Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)@acute, spastic | |
| anaemia; arteriosclerosis, collagen vascular disease; cerebral ischaemia | |
| CONVULSIONS | tetany, convulsions@children, acute, chronic |
| EPILEPSY | seizures |
| epilepsy@between attacks | |
| CONVULSIONS, EPILEPSY, TETANUS, TREMOR | |
| HEAD, FOREHEAD, VERTEX, OCCIPUT, TEMPLE, HEADACHES, SINUSITIS | |
| HEAD | swelling, red or dark |
| HEADACHE, HEAD PAIN, NEURALGIA | general points |
| HEAD | headache, pain, neuralgia in children |
| HEAD, VERTEX | head, top of pain; headache, pain, neuralgia@vertical |
| VERTEX | general points |
| Spasm | |
| EAR, HEARING, MENIERE'S DISEASE, EUSTACHIAN TUBE, MASTOID | |
| EAR | balance@loss of; dizziness; Meniere's disease; vertigo |
| TINNITUS | @ trauma, drug toxicity, otitis media, infectious disease |
| SPLENIUS CAPITIS M | myofascial syndrome |
| HEART | Arteriosclerosis; fatty heart |
| ARTERIES, VEINS, ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, ISCHAEMIA | |
| DIARRHOEA | early morning |
| ANUS, RECTUM | anal ptosis; proctocele; prolapse; straining at defecation; tenesmus |
| ANUS, TENESMUS, PROLAPSE, PILES | |
| CLITORIS | priapism general points |
| PREGNANCY | Dysuria |
| POSTPARTUM UTERUS, CERVIX, VAGINA | birth-canal pain; cervix remains open; hysteroptosis; metroptosis; uterine retroflexion, retroversion; uterine inertia; uterine atony; uterus inverted; uterus subinvolution; uterus displaced; uterus, vagin |
| POSTPARTUM CONDITIONS | |
| CHOLERA, DRY | |
| DOGBITE | to prevent sequel (fever, local infection) |
| ENDOCRINE, SECRETORY DISORDERS | (see thyroid, adrenal, ovary, testis) |
GV20, RANK 2 (MEDIUM CITATION SCORES)
| EMERGENCIES | |
| fainting, shock, syncope, vertigo during treatment; syncope@vagal | |
| overdose@alcohol/drug; shock@circulatory; collapse; prostration; shock | |
| heat prostration; heatstroke; shock@circulatory from heat; sunstroke | |
| FIRST AID TREATMENT | blackouts; fainting |
| dizzy@headache, anaemia, hypertension, hypotension, fluid loss; fainting; syncope; vertigo | |
| fainting@eye pain | |
| PSYCHE/MIND | crying at night; debility; fear; insomnia; mental fatigue; nervous exhaustion; nervous breakdown; neurasthenia; nightmares; sleep loss; sleeptalking; sleepwalking; trembling; weak; weight loss |
| bored; depressed; despair; gloom; introverted; melancholy; sad; sighing | |
| manic@non-violent | |
| CEREBRUM | cerebral palsy; spastic paralysis (see affected areas) |
| POLIOMYELITIS | infantile paralysis@acute stage |
| MEMORY | absent minded; amnesia; forgetful; loss of memory |
| CONVULSIONS | (epileptiform fits; generalised tremors; muscle spasms; tetany; twitching) |
| Convulsions@children, chronic | |
| EPILEPSY | epilepsy@during attack |
| TREMOR | chorea; limb movement@involuntary; Parkinson's disease; tremor@intention |
| PITUITARY, HYPOTHALAMUS | general points |
| HEAD | general points |
| bilat headache; headache, pain, neuralgia generalised | |
| headache, pain, neuralgia@tinnitus | |
| ache, pain, neuralgia@from tension, anxiety; hypertension headache; myogenic; neurotic headache; vascular headache | |
| VISION | blind or vision loss@after encephalitis; vision loss@sudden |
| apparitions; daydreams; hysteric visions; visions, illusory, hallucinatory | |
| NOSE, NOSTRIL, NASAL SINUSES, OLFACTION | |
| NOSE | influenza, colds; anaphylaxis; hayfever; nasal catarrh; rhinitis; rhinitis@allergic; rhinorrhoea |
| nose@discharge; offensive; ozena; rhinitis@purulent | |
| rhinitis@vasomotor; rhinorrhoea | |
| FOREARM | chorea (e.g. Parkinson's); tremor |
| ARTERIES | Arteriosclerosis; thickening |
| BLOOD | bone marrow problems; chloropenia, aplastic anaemia; chlorosis (see anaemia, pallor, palpitations, menorrhagia) |
| ANUS, RECTUM | pain; proctalgia; proctitis; rectal abscess |
| Haemorrhoids; pain; piles; pruritus; bleeding | |
| furuncle; pain; perineal pruritus; proctitis | |
| FAECAL INCONTINENCE | as in paraplegia |
| URINARY TRACT/FUNCTIONS | |
| URINE | bedwetting; enuresis; incontinence; nocturia |
| POSTPARTUM | shock@obstetric; shock |
| PELVIC LIMB | chorea (e.g. Parkinson's); palsy; tremor |
| SKIN, LYMPH NODES | adenitis; scrofula |
| JOINTS | fatigue@general; no power, energy; weak |
GV20, RANK 3 (LOW CITATION SCORES)
| EMERGENCY | coma; illness@acute/sudden, as in CVA, head injury, drug overdose, unconscious, haemorrhage |
| apoplexy; stroke; CVA | |
| FIRST AID TREATMENT | travel-sickness (air, car, sea, train); motion sickness@fainting, dizzy |
| HEAD & ITS ORGANS/FUNCTIONS | |
| PSYCHE/MIND | general points in mental, psychogenic, nervous, psychosomatic, psychiatric disorders; psychoneurosis |
| dreaming; insomnia, esp in children; nightmares; sleep restless | |
| hypnotic effects; nervous tension; stress, anti-; to relax patient; to calm CNS | |
| agitation; anxiety; cowardice; fear; frights; nervous; restless; stagefright; terrors; timid | |
| restless; giddy | |
| to release pent-up emotions; excitement; intolerant; irritable; sensitive@Xs | |
| desire to kill; psychopathy; psychosis | |
| psychosis, depressive | |
| Hallucinations (see hysteria, visions, voices); illusions | |
| Alternation@happy-sad; delirious; demented; insane; mad; manic | |
| hysteria; hysteric | |
| cerebral weakness; confused; disorientation; idiocy@brain damage; mental retardation; mental cloudiness; psychical weakness; to clear mind | |
| BRAIN, ITS FUNCTIONS & PARTS, MENINGES, POLIO, CONVULSIONS, MEMORY, TETANUS, CVA | |
| CEREBRUM | Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)@acute, paretic |
| CEREBRUM, CVA, POLIOMYELITIS | Cerebrovascular accident, infantile paralysis@chronic (sequel); hemiplegia; palsy; quadriplegia |
| PARAPLEGIA | general points (also see region) |
| PARAESTHESIA, NUMB | general points (also see region) |
| MENINGES | Encephalitis; encephaloedema, oedema; meningeal pain, stimulation; meningitis |
| CONVULSIONS | Convulsions@children, acute |
| TETANUS | general points (also see affected areas) |
| SPINAL CORD | general points |
| BRAIN, CEREBRUM, CEREBELLUM, MENINGES | |
| SPINAL CORD | |
| HEAD, BRAIN | APA for craniotomy, neurosurgery of |
| HEAD | sensation@heavy |
| Oedema | |
| hemicrania; unilat headache, pain, neuralgia | |
| cluster headache; migraine headache; pain, neuralgia@chronic | |
| headache, pain, neuralgia in anaemia, arteriosclerosis, CVA | |
| HEAD, FRONTAL | forehead pain; headache, pain, neuralgia@frontal |
| SINUSES | general points for sinusitis, sinus@pain (also see frontal, maxillary, nasal) |
| HEAD, OCCIPUT | head, back of pain; headache, pain, neuralgia@occipital |
| OCCIPUT | occipital spasm; occipitocervical spasm; stiff, contracture |
| TEMPLE, TEMPORAL AREA | headache, pain, neuralgia@temporal; parietal pain |
| FOREHEAD, FRONTAL SINUSES | |
| OCCIPUT | |
| TEMPLE | |
| FACE | Bell's palsy; facial hemiplegia; facial n paralysis; numb |
| Bell's palsy, lower (mandibular) branch - lower labial groove stretched; facial n paralysis | |
| EYE, VISION, EYELID, CONJUNCTIVA (ACUTE) | general points |
| EYE, CONJUNCTIVA | congestion; conjunctivitis; eye red; ophthalmic herpes; opthalmitis; pain; pinkeye; radiation ophthalmia; swollen; welder's eye |
| EYE | eye hypertension@pain; glaucoma |
| EYE, RETINA | bloodshot eyes; haemorrhage; haemospasia |
| RETINA | Degeneration; optic atrophy, neuritis; pain; papillitis; retinitis pigmentosa |
| EYELID | allergy; anaphylaxis; blepharitis; eczema; eyelid ulcers; palpebritis; pruritus; rash |
| EYE, EYELID | Blepharoptosis; drooping; eye distorted; palsy; paralysis |
| LENS | cataract, early |
| VISION | blind@colour; weak colour vision |
| NOSE | nasal, paranasal sinusitis; pain |
| nasal, nostril@pain; neuralgia | |
| nasal polyps; nose@polyps | |
| nose@congested, occluded, obstructed | |
| influenza; anaphylaxis; hayfever; nose@catarrh; rhinitis@allergic, chronic; rhinorrhoea | |
| epistaxis; nose bleeds; nose@haemorrhage | |
| nose@red, chronic, like drunk; rosacea | |
| LARYNX | laryngitis; larynx@pain |
| EAR, HEARING | general points |
| deaf; deaf@sensorineural; hearing impaired | |
| HEARING, SPEECH | deaf & dumb; deafmutism |
| Bourdonnements; tinnitus | |
| EAR | earache; furuncle; otitis (media or externa); pain, neuralgia@acute@fever & severe headache; ulcer |
| MOUTH | aphthae; cellulitis; herpes simplex; moniliasis; neuralgia; pain (including tumour/cancer pain); sores; stomatitis; stomatocace; thrush; ulcers |
| TONGUE | contracted; stiff |
| SPEECH, TONGUE | alogia; atony; articulation difficult; dumb; dumb@terror; dumb@shock; dysphasia; hypoglossal/sublingual n paralysis; mutism, aphasia@hysteric; slurred speech; spasm; speech difficult; speechless; tongue numb; tongue paralysi |
| JAW, MASSETER M | can't open mouth; lockjaw; mandibular n spasm; spasm; tetanus; tooth grinding; trismus |
| Mandibular n paralysis; paralysis | |
| NECK, NECK VERTEBRAE | arthralgia; arthritis; cervical neuralgia, spasm; cervical spine pain; disc; fibrositis; neck rigid; neck@moving difficult; pain; pain referred to arm; rheumatism; spinal radiculitis; spondylitis; sprain; stiff; tortic |
| NECK/NAPE | cervical m spasm; cramp; fibrositis; pain; rheumatism; spasm; stiff; wryneck |
| THYROID | goitre; hypoactive; hypothyroidism; myxoedema; thyroid cyst, swelling |
| Exophthalmic goitre; hyperactive; hyperthyroidism | |
| THORACIC LIMB | chorea (e.g. Parkinson's); contracture; cramp; palsy; spasm; tremor |
| ELBOW AREA | chorea (e.g. Parkinson's); contracture; spasm; tremor |
| HAND, FINGER | finger flexion@impossible; grip@impossible; numb; paralysis; weak |
| BLOOD PRESSURE | essential hypertension; high BP; hypertension; ventricular, left hypertrophy |
| HEART | arrythmia; extrasystole; fast; flurry; irritable; palpitations; pulse irregular; tachycardia |
| angina pectoris; cardialgia; colic@cardiac; coronary a spasm; heart attack; myocardial ischaemia, infarct; precordial pain; pseudo-angina | |
| VEINS | Phlebectasia; phlebitis; varicose veins |
| CIRCULATION, BLOOD PRESSURE | |
| OEDEMA | fluid retention |
| BLOOD, BODY DEFENCES, HAEMORRHAGE, THYMUS | |
| BLOOD, BODY DEFENCES, RESISTANCE | general points (see immunity) |
| BLOOD | Anaemia |
| LUNG | congestion; oedema |
| BRONCHI, LUNG | asthma; bronchial asthma; bronchiectasis; bronchitis; bronchospasm; dyspnoea; emphysema; gasping; respiration difficult; shortage of breath; wheezing |
| INFLUENZA, COLDS | chills@fever; epidemic influenza; headcolds; sequel to chill; upper respiratory infection |
| COUGH | general points |
| OESOPHAGUS | stricture; swallowing difficult |
| ABDOMEN | pain; bellyache; neuralgia |
| LUMBAR-RENAL-LOIN AREA | arthralgia; arthritis; fatigue; lowback syndrome; lumbago; myalgia; neuralgia; pain; rheumatism; spasm; spondylitis; sprain; trauma |
| SPLEEN | general points |
| BLOOD GLUCOSE | diabetes mellitus; hyperglycaemia (see symptoms) |
| MALABSORPTION | coeliac disease; emaciation; to enhance gastrointestinal absorption; malnutrition; marasmus; nutrition defective; weight loss@Xs |
| INDIGESTION | due to nervous cause; gastric neurosis; neurotic indigestion |
| VOMITING | |
| nervous; neurotic; psychogenic; vomiting everything eaten | |
| DIARRHOEA | |
| in children, infants | |
| DIARRHOEA@BLOODY | dysentery (amoebic, bacillary, food poisoning); frequent defecation; pain; spasm; tenesmus; vomiting |
| CONSTIPATION | |
| STOMACH | gastritis@acute; pain |
| INTESTINE | general points |
| COLON | cancer pain; colitis; diverticulitis; pain |
| colitis@ulcerative, spastic; pain | |
| ANUS, ANAL AREA | general points |
| TENESMUS | anal prolapse; in children, infants; straining at defecation |
| PERINAEUM | |
| URINARY TRACT | general points to assist urinary tract function |
| KIDNEY | Glomerulonephritis; nephritis; pain |
| pyelitis; pyelonephritis | |
| failure; sclerosis in arteriosclerosis; sclerosis in collagen vascular disease; uraemia | |
| URINE RETENTION, SEVERE | anuria; ischuria; to increase diuresis in kidney failure |
| URINATION | difficult; dysuria; pain on urination |
| FEMALE FRIGIDITY | anorgasmy; sexual debility; to enhance sexual response; to increase libido |
| FEMALE INFERTILITY | |
| UTERUS | Haemorrhage; metrorrhagia |
| UTERUS, ADNEXA | adnexitis; pain; parametritis; pelvic inflammatory disease; pelvioperitonitis; perimetritis |
| VAGINA | spasm; vaginismus; vaginodynia |
| GENITALIA (FEMALE & MALE) | Blenorrhagia; genital herpes; gonorrhoea; inflammation; leucorrhagia; leucorrhea; mucous discharge; venereal disease; |
| PREGNANCY | forbidden points; may induce miscarriage due to increased uterus contraction |
| PARTURITION | to abort dead foetus; to induce abortion, esp >19 weeks; to induce birth |
| POSTPARTUM, POSTABORTION | uterus haemorrhage |
| FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION & GENITALIA | genital problems; gynaecological disorders; menstrual disorders; pseudo- gynaecological disorders |
| MENSTRUATION | cramp; dysmenorrhoea; menorrhalgia; pain |
| heavy menstrual blood loss; menorrhagia; menses overabundant; prolonged menstruation; prolonged haemorrhage; uterus haemorrhage | |
| MENSTRUATION SUPPRESSED | absent; amenorrhoea; delayed onset in teenager; menarche delayed |
| MALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION & GENITALIA | ejaculation problems; genital problems; impotence; masturbation@Xs; spermatorrhoea |
| MALE ERECTION, PENIS | ejaculatio praecox; erection poor or absent; impotence; premature ejaculation |
| erection@painful, involuntary, chronic, inopportune; priapism; satyriasis | |
| MALE INFERTILITY | Oligospermia |
| SPERMATORRHOEA | semen, night loss; wet dreams |
| semen@night loss without dreams | |
| PROSTATE | pain; prostatitis; swelling |
| TESTICLE | didymitis; epididymitis; orchitis; pain; swelling, cyst |
| TESTICLE, SCROTUM | oedema; hydrocele |
| LEG/CALF | atony; fatigue; gastrocnemius, soleus atrophy; numb; paralysis; weak; weary |
| SKIN | allergy (food, contact); anaphylaxis; dermatitis; dermatosis; eczema; eruptions, humid; hives; pruritus; psoriasis; rash@wind-, heat-, nettle-; sensitivity@drug; sores; ulcers; urticaria |
| SKIN, SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE | acne; angioneurotic oedema; boils; carbuncles; dermatitis; eczema; folliculitis; furuncle, red line; furuncles; inflammation; lymphangitis; lymphangitis, acute; neurodermatitis; paronychia; psoriasis; pustules |
| Erysipelas | |
| FEVER, HYPERTHERMIA, PYRETIC DISEASES | general antifebrile points |
| FEVER | fever@high; hyperpyrexia; hyperthermia |
| FEVER, CHILLS | chills, choleriforms@ +/- fever; hot/cold@exposure to damp, cold, windy weather; shivering |
| MALARIA | paludism; swamp fever (see spleen, liver) |
| TUBERCULOSIS | |
| CHOLERA | |
| IMMUNITY | |
| Antimicrobial; immunostimulant; leucocytosis; phagocytosis; to enhance vitality, resistance, immunity | |
| BONES, JOINTS | arthralgia; arthritis; arthropathy; neuralgia; osteoarthralgia; osteoarthritis; osteochondrosis dissicans; pain@general, fracture, postoperative; rheumatism; spondylitis; sprain |
| arthralgia; arthritis, rheumatic; rheumatoid arthritis; arthropathy@collagen vascular disease; rheumatism | |
| JOINTS, BONES, ARTHRALGIA, PERIOSTITIS, SPICULES@ARTHRITIS | general points |
| MUSCLE | ache; pain; stiff & aching "all over"@influenza |
| Amyotrophy; atony; atrophy; to tonify; dystrophy; myasthenia gravis; numb; palsy; paralysis; paresis; weak | |
| YANG ORGANS, MERIDIANS | to balance |
GV21, RANK 2 (MEDIUM CITATION SCORES)
| FACE | allergy; anaphylaxis; congestion; flushed; inflammation; oedema; puffy; red; swelling |
| VISION | blind or vision loss@after encephalitis; vision loss@sudden |
GV21, RANK 3 (LOW CITATION SCORES)
| FIRST AID TREATMENT | dazzling spells@nausea; dizzy; extremities cold; fainting; pale; sweat cold; syncope; vertigo; vision blurred |
| PSYCHE/MIND | crying at night; debility; fear; insomnia; mental fatigue; nervous exhaustion; nervous breakdown; neurasthenia; nightmares; sleep loss; sleeptalking; sleepwalking; trembling; weak; weight loss |
| agitation; anxiety; cowardice; fear; frights; nervous; restless; stagefright; terrors; timid | |
| Hallucinations (see hysteria, visions, voices); illusions | |
| CEREBRUM | apoplexy; cerebrovascular accident (CVA); congestion; embolism; haemorrhage; multiple sclerosis; stroke; subarachnoid haemorrhage; thrombosis |
| anaemia; arteriosclerosis, collagen vascular disease; cerebral ischaemia | |
| CONVULSIONS | (epileptiform fits; generalised tremors; muscle spasms; tetany; twitching) (see 020334) |
| tetany, convulsions@children, acute, chronic | |
| Convulsions@children, chronic | |
| EPILEPSY | seizures |
| HEAD | general points |
| Oedema | |
| HEADACHE, HEAD PAIN, NEURALGIA | general points |
| HEAD, VERTEX | head, top of pain; headache, pain, neuralgia@vertical |
| VERTEX | |
| FACE | Bell's palsy; facial hemiplegia; facial n paralysis; numb |
| EYE, CONJUNCTIVA | Photophobia; photopthalmia; welder's eye |
| congestion; conjunctivitis; eye red; ophthalmic herpes; opthalmitis; pain; pinkeye; radiation ophthalmia; swollen; welder's eye | |
| EYELID | allergy; anaphylaxis; blepharitis; eczema; eyelid ulcers; palpebritis; pruritus; rash |
| VISION | eyestrain; sight failing but eyes seem normal; vision@dim, weak, poor |
| NOSE | nasal polyps; nose@polyps |
| nose@congested, occluded, obstructed | |
| influenza, colds; anaphylaxis; hayfever; nasal catarrh; rhinitis; rhinitis@allergic; rhinorrhoea | |
| epistaxis; nose bleeds; nose@haemorrhage | |
| THROAT | pruritus; sensation@foreign body; throat@dry, tickle |
| HEARING | Bourdonnements; tinnitus |
| EAR | balance@loss of; dizziness; Meniere's disease; vertigo |
| COUGH | general points |
| ANUS, RECTUM | anal ptosis; proctocele; prolapse; straining at defecation; tenesmus |