QUESTIONS
Channel codes used in these questions are: LU, LI, ST, SP, HT, SI, BL, KI, PC, TH, GB, LV, CV, GV.
1. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) Acupuncture (AP) is a reflex phenomenon with therapeutic value.
(b) AP points (APs) and Channels (AP meridians) have many applications in routine veterinary practice.
(c) AP has little or no diagnostic value.
(d) Irritated organs/functions cause reflex changes in sensitivity to pressure, heat and electrical current at specific zones on the body surface (the APs).
(e) Adequate stimuli (needling, injection etc) applied to the APs can influence the pathophysiology of the affected organs and functions.
2. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) A 16-hour intensive crash-course is enough to allow you integrate AP fully into your day-to-day practice.
(b) Point injection is the fastest AP method and gives good results.
(c) The reflex (neurally-mediated) mechanisms of AP are easily shown by experimental chemical or surgical interference with neural transmission in the peripheral nerves, spinal cord or midbrain or by sympathectomy.
(d) In its purest form, AP involves an holistic concept of the organism in relation to its internal and external environments.
(e) TCM involves the manipulation of Vital Energies (Qi), some of which are only hinted at in occult or esoteric literature (the Aura, the Etheric body, Kundalini, Prana etc).
3. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) Each AP point has a Chinese name, an alpha-numeric code and an anatomical location.
(b) The cun is half of distance between the nipples
(c) TsuSanLi (FootThreeMiles, ST36) is 3 cun below the patella, 1.5 cun lateral to the tibial crest in adult humans.
(d) Trigger Points (TPs) are always AhShi points AhShi points are not always TPs.
(e) Many different nomenclatures are used for the APs. Novices should cross-check the nomenclature in each new reference with that in their standard reference text.
4. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) Laws of Choosing APs for therapy include: sensitive points; TianYing points; combination of Local and Distant points; points along affected and related Channels; Ear Points and APs not on the main Channels
(b) Laws of Choosing APs for therapy include: symptomatic points; points along the affected nerve path; "Fore and Aft" points; points encircling the area; a point on each of the 4 limbs; Master Points
(c) Master Points include Mu-Shu, Yuan-Luo and Xi points
(d) The Mu-Shu is the Source-Passage combination and the Yuan-Luo is the Alarm-Association combination
(e) Point injection is the fastest and most practical method of AP
5. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) DeQi (Teh Ch'i, the Arrival of Qi) is the classical sensation of paraesthesia induced by needle manipulation in the correct points
(b) Where possible, to obtain DeQi, one should peck-twirl the needle for 10-15 seconds, at least after needle insertion and before withdrawal
(c) Solutions suitable for injection-AP include 0.9% saline, 0.5% local anaesthetic solution in 0.9% saline, B12, Sarapin or homoeopathic solutions.
(d) Injection-AP is ideal for cases in which need intramuscular injection of therapeutic agents
(e) Strong stimulation of GV26 + KI01, in combination, can not resuscitate comatose cases refractory to orthodox therapy
6. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) Before AP-treatment of animals, the patient is searched for pain-points (points which are tender to palpation)
(b) All pain-points should be marked or noted for future reference
(c) It usually is possible to distinguish locally sensitive AhShi points from genuine TPs in animals
(d) Prime indications for novice vet-AP therapy in Cattle are hormonal infertility, dystocia, and repositioning of uterine prolapse
(d) Prime indications for novice vet-AP therapy in Small Animals are conjunctivitis, rhinitis and gastrointestinal disorders
(f) Prime indications for novice vet-AP therapy in All Species are hip lameness; shoulder lameness; low-back syndrome; muscle cramp, soft tissue lameness; anaesthetic emergencies; nephritis, cystitis
7. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) Main APs for obstetrics/uterine reposition are: GV02,03,04, BL32,53, AhShi points at or near BL23,24,26,31,33,34,54
(b) Main APs for hormonal infertility are: YungChi (near BL26); AhShi points in the lumbosacral area (in the area BL23-34 and BL52-53)
(c) Main APs for conjunctivitis/rhinitis in small animals are: LI04,20; BL01; GB01,20: ST01,02; LV03; TH23; Z 03,14; GV23,25.
(d) Main APs for small animal indigestion are: PC01, ST45, CV01, BL07.
(e) Main APs for small animal gastroenteritis, constipation and colic include TH06, BL25,27, CV04,06, ST25
8. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) Main APs for hip lameness are: AhShi points in lumbosacral area, buttocks, hip, thigh and gastrocnemius muscles; GB30,31,34; BL23,40; LV08,11.
(b) In hip dysplasia in dogs, gold-bead implants are excellent but simple needling gives no worthwhile results
(c) Main APs for shoulder lameness are: AhShi points in the neck, upper limb and upper thoracic area; BL11; GB21; SI09-14, LI04,11,15,16; TH05,14,15
(d) Main APs for low-back syndrome are: AhShi points from the lumbosacral area to the hock; X 35 (HuaToJiaJi points) near vertebrae L1-S4; GV02,03,04; BL23,25,27,31,52,40,60; GB30,38
(e) Main APs for muscle cramp, soft tissue lameness are: AhShi points + main points for the affected regions. Treat acute cases every 3-7 days for up to 8 sessions. Expect results by the 3rd session in acute cases and by the 4th-5th session in chronic cases
9. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) GV26, the most important emergency point, is in the dorsal midline at the occipitoatlantal junction
(b) KI01, another emergency point, is behind the hind toes, between the pad and toes in dogs and between the claws in cattle
(c) In apnoea and respiratory arrest, strong stimulation of GV26 + KI01 for 10-60 seconds gives >90% response
(d) Main APs for nephritis are: BL22,23,58; GV03,04; SP06,09; ST25; GB25; KI03 and for cystitis are: BL28,52,58; CV03,04; KI02,03; ST28. In both cases, add AhShi points in the lumbosacral and low abdominal area.
(e) In cardiac arrest, strong stimulation of PC06 + GV26 + KI01 for 10 minutes gives >70% response
10. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) AP is clinically successful in >60% of chronic nephritis, with marked fibrosis
(b) In nephritis, include symptomatic APs for major symptoms (vomiting etc)
(c) The disadvantages of AP analgesia may prevent its use in routine surgery, except for patients with high anaesthetic risk, or in Caesarian sections on very valuable dams.
(d) AP analgesia for surgery may need supplementary local anaesthesia in 10-30 % of cases
(e) An indwelling i/v catheter should be placed before surgery is attempted under AP analgesia
11. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) One may decide to combine AP with medical therapy, say in acute infections
(b) In acute pneumonia with fever, diluted antibiotic solutions may be injected at APs for the lung (BL13; PC06; CV17; NX04; LU01 or 05 or 06) and at AP points for fever (GV14) and immune response (LI04 or 11; ST36)
(c) Until well advanced in one's AP study, novices should use AP combined with other therapy in serious cases
(d) Drugs which may reduce the effects of AP include: large doses of analgesics, corticosteroids, narcotics, methadone, opiate antagonists, alcohol, tranquillizers and sedatives.
(e) High-dose steroid therapy should be terminated abruptly 2 days before AP therapy
12. One of the following statements is not correct. Indicate the incorrect statement:
(a) It may be necessary to administer sedatives or tranquillizers to facilitate AP, for example in difficult patients (such as cats, vicious dogs or horses)
(b) The alpha-2 agonist, detomidine or medetomidine, is said to enhance AP effects in horses and dogs.
(c) Administration of D-phenylalanine for some days before AP analgesia in humans abolishes the analgesic effect of AP and turns "responders" into "non-responders"
(d) In AP analgesia, intravenous sedatives (diazepam etc) can be very useful supplementary drugs
(e) Use of AP analgesia for surgery greatly reduces the doses of general anaesthetic needed